When solving the issue of heating for a summer residence, in the modern market you can find many options.
Finnish wood stove for a summer residence
And, despite the fact that new technologies are improving more and more every year, many still prefer the good old wood-burning stoves.
Today it is not just a heating device, but also a special element of decor, which allows you to give the general style of the house a certain “zest” and authenticity.
Among the huge selection of heating appliances presented on the domestic market, a significant share is occupied by Finnish stoves.
The Finnish summer cottage stove is a smart, compact and efficient solution that allows you to quickly heat up the room and maintain the required temperature for a long time. What is the design feature, and according to what characteristics you need to choose a Finnish stove for a summer residence - we will talk in this article.
Content
Characteristics of the Finnish stove
For Russia, the Finnish design of the furnace is the most suitable precisely because of the similarity of the climate. In the countries of Northern Scandinavia, the issue of heating is approached with particular care, so choosing a heater from Finnish manufacturers, you can be sure of its high quality and efficiency. In addition to efficient space heating, the Finns also pay attention to the degree of air humidity, because a comfortable stay in the house and people's health depend on it.
The principle of operation of an ordinary Russian stone oven and a Finn is almost identical. The heating of the room occurs due to the heating of the body of the stone structure due to the combustion of firewood.
For the manufacture of solid fuel heaters, many Finnish manufacturers mainly use heat-resistant steel with thick walls. This allows you to instantly warm up the room and retain heat for a long time. Finnish companies also pay an important role to design. The compactness and ergonomics of the devices allows them to be used even in small rooms, organically fitting into the modern design of the house.
The safety of the device is ensured by a closing door made of refractory cast iron or heat-resistant glass. This prevents coals and sparks from falling out and allows you to admire the beautiful flickering of the fire in the stove.
The design and features of the Scandinavian stove
The design of the Finnish stove consists of four main elements:
- Chimney.
- Fuel tank.
- Lining.
- Kamenka.
- Blower (ashpit).
Schematic diagram of a Finnish stove
The principle of operation is not much different from a conventional wood-burning stove. Firewood is put into the firebox.
An ashpit (or blower) is a small chamber in which ash is collected.The chimney provides the removal of combustion products from the room, and the lining is a refractory shell made of stone or steel, which allows you to accumulate heat. The lining plays a special role in this design. It is it that is designed to provide heat accumulation and protection of the device from mechanical and chemical damage.
The combustion channel can also be called a design feature of the Scandinavian stove. The device has two channels that are not connected to each other. This allows you to increase the rate of heating of the room, increasing the efficiency of solid fuel consumption.
The ashpit is provided with a retractable design and a door, which allows regular cleaning of the appliance. The door also helps regulate draft by creating the necessary air circulation.
There are two types of heaters in Finnish stoves: open and closed design and, depending on the model, can hold from 20 to 100 kg of fuel.
A distinctive feature of such a furnace is the absence of a water circuit. The room is heated by thermal convection. The intake of cold air comes from the floor, and then, heating up, the air rises. Thus, there is a natural circulation of cold and hot air flows in the room. To transfer heat into the room, the Finnish stove has special air channels through which heat enters the room from the firebox.
Advantages of the Scandinavian stove
- uniform heating of the air;
- safety;
- simplicity of design;
- high heating rate;
- great appearance;
- long service life;
- the use of wood as the main type of fuel;
- economy of fuel consumption;
- environmental friendliness;
- maintaining the required humidity in the room.
It is on environmental friendliness that I would like to place special emphasis, since the Finns pay great attention to the ecology in the country. By producing heating appliances, they achieve the maximum reduction in the emission of harmful substances during the combustion of firewood. In addition, the solid fuel used in such stoves does not pose any threat to human health, which cannot be said about diesel or gas heating appliances.
It is the choice of raw materials for the furnace that determines the efficiency of the device. The Finns take a very prudent approach to the issue of heating, so engineers play a big role in keeping the heat inside the structure with smoldering firewood.
However, the Finns pay no less attention to safety. Considering that such wood-burning appliances are mainly purchased for wooden country houses, summer cottages and baths, manufacturers maximize the fire safety of structures. This is achieved by laying a ceramic cord between all connections of the appliance. This, in turn, increases the tightness of the furnace and allows you to save heat energy for as long as possible.
Another advantage of such designs is the versatility of parts. If any element or part fails over time, it can always be ordered and installed separately. For many models, parts from other manufacturers are suitable, so breaking and replacing parts will not be too much of a problem in the future.
Despite all the advantages of Finnish solid fuel heating appliances, there are also a few disadvantages that you should be aware of before buying. The disadvantage of such furnaces is their long heating and the need to equip a solid foundation.And, of course, it would not be superfluous to say about the price of the issue. After all, domestic manufacturers can meet high-quality reliable analogues with a much lower cost.
How to choose the right Finnish stove for a summer residence
A wide range of Finnish manufacturers, presented on the domestic market, allows you to choose a wood-burning stove not only for heating a summer house, but also for cooking, heating water, and simply admiring the fire. To make it easier for you to decide on the purchase of a Finnish stove for your country house, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main selection criteria.
- Power.
The choice of this criterion is determined by the total cubic capacity of the room. To do this, we make simple mathematical calculations: we multiply the area of \u200b\u200bthe room by the height of the ceilings. In addition, put a "margin" on the thermal insulation of the house. After all, the worse it is insulated, the more powerful the device you will need. Keep in mind that each doorway and window increases heat loss by 100W. If the cottage is located in a climatic zone with a harsh winter, then multiply the resulting figure by 1.5-2 units.
- Operating time in keep warm mode. Pay attention to the material from which the body of the product is made. This parameter depends on this factor. As a standard, solid fuel must be added to the furnace every 8-10 hours. But some models lined with volcanic stone can retain heat for 20-24 hours. Today you can find on sale heaters on long-burning wood. Such models are equipped with a fire-resistant glass door, which ensures maximum tightness. Due to the fact that oxygen does not enter the furnace, the flame intensity increases significantly.
- The size.One of the main criteria for choosing a Finnish stove for giving here will be the width of the firebox. The diameter of a heater with a capacity of 100 kcal/h must be at least 12 cm. The maximum allowable level is 50 cm.
- Additional designs.
It all depends on the purpose for which you purchase a stove for a summer residence. If you want to limit its functionality to heating only, then simple models equipped with one firebox will be enough for you. If a wider functional use is expected, then you can look at models with a flat hob, which is located at the top of the oven.
Some models come with a water tank that is installed directly in the furnace body. And you can look for a model with a hinged type of device that is mounted on the chimney.
- Appearance. If cast iron and steel are not to your liking, then you can choose furnaces whose body is made of talcomagnesite slate. This stone has traditionally been used as a building material by the Scandinavian peoples due to its unique properties. This is a kind of stone cladding, which not only has a great appearance, but also does not heat up over 70 degrees. This greatly increases the comfort of use and safety in the home. Talcomagnesite conducts heat 10 times faster than fireclay bricks or ceramics, which means that with much smaller dimensions of the furnace, it will warm up the room faster.
Another natural material that Finnish manufacturers have begun to use in solid fuel stoves is soapstone. It is highly resistant to temperature, withstanding up to 16,000 0 FROM.Furnaces made of soapstone are able to heat up in just 2 hours, while they continue to give off heat to the room for another day after being turned off. The only caveat is that the efficiency of a device made of such a material largely depends on its size. To achieve high efficiency of heat supply, manufacturers produce models of large sizes, which significantly affect their price.
- Manufacturer. A huge variety of wood-burning heaters from Finland is presented on the Russian market. All of them differ not only in price, design, but also in technical characteristics.
Overview of the most popular manufacturers of Finnish stoves
Let's take a quick look at the features of the most popular Finnish manufacturers.
Kastor Company (Castor)
Kastor oven
A feature of this manufacturer is the production of furnaces made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 5-8 mm. The popularity of Kastor in the Russian market is due to the very high efficiency. This figure reaches 70%, which is much higher than other manufacturers in the same price category. All models of "Kastor" furnaces are covered with refractory paint, which significantly extends the service life, and the manufacturer makes doors from refractory glass that can withstand temperatures up to 8000 C. The economic feasibility of the device is ensured by the system of complete combustion of fuel. And the air exchange system patented by Kastor significantly increases the efficiency of heating the room.
Kastor
A special system of protection against burns in the form of a fence is responsible for the safety of operation here. A well-thought-out ventilation system allows you to quickly warm up the room. The average price range of this Finnish manufacturer is 25-35 thousand rubles.rubles, but can vary significantly depending on the size and design of the device.
Company HARVIA (Harvia)
Harvia oven
This Finnish manufacturer is in no way inferior in popularity to the Castor company, and many Russians have long associated the HARVIA brand with reliability and durability. The company chooses high-class stainless steel as the main material for the production of heating devices, and a design feature is an external firebox.
Another Harvia stove model
Such stoves heat up the room very quickly and efficiently, are easy to clean and do not pollute the environment. All models have a fire-resistant cast-iron door and a body painted with fire-retardant paint.
The design feature of this company is the presence of two independent heating channels in all models. This approach allows you to increase the speed of heating the room, which significantly saves fuel. Narvia stoves are an excellent choice not only for heating a summer house, but also for a bath.
You can buy a Finnish stove of this brand in Russia for an average of 25-40 thousand rubles.
Company Narvi (Narvi)
Furnace Narvi
A feature of this manufacturer is low fuel consumption. It only takes two loads of firewood and no more than 60-70 minutes to heat up a large room to 80 degrees Celsius.
On the Russian market today you can find more than 30 models from this company with a long and short firebox. Regardless of design and size, all Narvi stoves are distinguished by high reliability, economical fuel consumption and long-term operation.
The average price range of this Finnish manufacturer is 12-20 thousand rubles.
Firm Helo (Helo)
Helo oven
Heating appliances of this brand are affordable, which does not affect their high quality. The low price is due to the simple design. This option is ideal for summer cottages, baths, a small country house.
As for the technical characteristics, Helo stoves are distinguished by excellent performance, they are able to heat up a large room in 1.5-2 hours and retain heat for a long time. A large assortment of this brand is presented on the Russian market, which will allow you to easily choose the right unit.
Tulikivi Company (Tulikivi)
Tulikivi oven
This is one of the world's most famous manufacturers of Finnish stoves. A feature of this company is the production of stoves made of natural stone. It is mainly talcomagnesite (a stone of volcanic origin).
The company offers two options for stone processing: polished and chipped, which allows you to choose the necessary model according to design and successfully fit it into the style of the interior.
How to install and connect a Finnish stove to a chimney
Connecting the stove to the chimney in the house is carried out according to the standard scheme. If the house already has a system for removing combustion products, then connecting a Finnish stove to it will not cause difficulties. If it is necessary to mount the chimney under the purchased stove, then it can be made from sandwich pipes. Strict observance of the installation rules guarantees the safety and efficiency of the further use of the Scandinavian stove.
- The rules for mounting the structure are largely determined by the furnace model. Therefore, carefully read the instructions before proceeding with the installation.
- Be guided by the rules of SNiP 2.04.05-91, which clearly regulate the fire safety in the room when installing solid fuel appliances.
- Mount the oven structure only on a flat surface.
- Decide on a location. If a chimney has already been made in the house, then the place, of course, is set. In the case of a new arrangement of the heating system, you can choose any place to place the stove. The choice largely depends on the gas outlet system (you must take into account the peculiarity of building a house, floors and roofs).
If the main task of the stove is to heat the room, then it is recommended to place it in the center of the room. If you choose a model with additional parameters (hob, etc.), then it would be advisable to install the stove in the corner of the room. The ideal option is the location of the heater at the opposite wall from the entrance. There is an option to install the stove in one room, and bring the firebox through the wall to another. But this is a very long, laborious process that requires qualification.
- Arrangement of the foundation for the furnace. Given the very heavy weight of the structure, you need to carefully prepare the base. We lay out the floor under the stove with fireclay refractory bricks or ceramic tiles. Be sure to check the floor slope with a building level. He must be perfect.
An excellent solution for arranging a foundation in a wooden cottage is a ceramic tile podium. The refractory base must protrude beyond the dimensions of the furnace by at least 10 cm on all sides. To do this, take a fireclay brick (the amount depends on the dimensions of the furnace itself) and lay it out evenly in one layer. Use regular cement mortar to join the bricks.After drying, apply the tile with glue. This option will allow you to raise the stove above the general level of the floor, increasing fire safety measures and creating a decorative zoning of this part.
- Any fireproof coating can be laid on the foundation. For this purpose, a metal sheet, tempered glass, ceramics are suitable.
- We strictly adhere to the fire safety parameters: the distance from the wall to the stove must be at least 125 cm. From the ceiling to the top of the heater - from 120 cm. Additionally, consider the material from which the walls in the house are made. For wooden floors, more stringent standards and distances are established. Additionally, a sheet of non-combustible material (superizol) is installed between the furnace and the nearest wall. If you want to play it safe and further enhance the fire safety in the house, then you can equip a ceramic apron around the stove. Moreover, a huge selection of materials on the market will help you do it beautifully, harmoniously fitting such a detail into the overall style of the room.
- A heat-reflecting screen is installed between the back side of the structure and the wall. First, sheets of heat-resistant material are attached to the wall, and then everything is lined with ceramic tiles from above. If you want to preserve the originality of the wooden wall and not use ceramic tiles, then you can cover the heat-reflecting screen with an OSB sheet. After its installation, it is necessary to apply heat-insulating material. For gluing tiles to the wall, take only heat-resistant glue.
- Installation of the furnace on the foundation. Check the slope of the oven with a level before connecting to the system.
- After the structure is installed on the podium, it is necessary to start connecting it to the chimney.If the gas exhaust system was already in the house from the very beginning, then your task now will be to correctly connect the stove pipe to the chimney structure. Here, great attention must be paid to sealing all connections. Otherwise, the smoke from burning will go into the house.
The first structural element will be one wall pipe (even if you have chosen sandwich pipes as the material for the entire chimney). The fact is that when leaving the oven, the maximum temperature will melt and insulate inside the double contour of the sandwich, compressing it into a monolithic material.
Important! Keep in mind that the first part of the chimney structure is mounted without insulation. Otherwise, it will melt during prolonged burning.
When connecting the design of the furnace to the chimney, take into account fire regulations. The distance between the pipe and the wall of the house should not be less than 25 cm.
If the arrangement of the furnace and chimney in the house occurs for the first time, then it is better to install the chimney after buying the heater itself. The fact is that the length, diameter of pipes, etc. often depends on the power of the device.
An ideal option for installing a smoke exhaust system would be a sandwich pipe structure. You can learn more about the features of installing a sandwich chimney from the article. Installation of a chimney from a sandwich pipe through the wall.
The output of the chimney (through the roof or through the wall) depends on the layout of the house and the location of the stove. Sandwich construction is sold ready-made. It remains only to assemble it correctly, supplementing it with adapters, tees and splitters.
In this article, we have described in detail only one of the possible options for installing a Finnish stove in the country.And to make it easier for you to choose the optimal model and install it in the house, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the video.
Video. Finnish way of heating a house
Video. Scandinavian ovens. Selection and installation
